What does effective grounding of electrical systems aim to limit?

Effective grounding of electrical systems primarily aims to limit voltage caused by lightning and surges. Grounding provides a low-resistance path for electrical faults, such as those caused by lightning strikes or power surges, to safely dissipate into the earth. This minimizes the risk of high voltages that can lead to equipment damage, personal injury, or fires.

When lightning strikes or electrical surges occur, a well-designed grounding system helps ensure that excess voltage does not travel through the electrical infrastructure or affect connected devices. By redirecting this energy safely to the ground, grounding systems play a critical role in protecting both people and property from the potentially devastating effects of electrical surges.

In contrast, while power consumption, shade from solar exposure, and electromagnetic interference are important considerations in electrical design and operation, they are not the primary goals of an effective grounding system.